The core concept of MEMS is to build micro-mechanical devices using Semiconductor Wafer Processing technology-which has long been used to develop Integrated Circuits. The preferred technology for enabling Dynamic Components is Optical MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems). This class of components includes: the Variable Optical Attenuator (VOA), Tunable filter, 1 x N Switch, Wavelength Selective Switch (WSS), Optical Cross-connect Switches (OCS), MEMS Scanning Mirror, Dynamic Dispersion Compensation, etc. Dynamic Components are inherently passive but have the added functionality of changing a physical parameter of the light or reconfiguring its optical path in real time. Recently, a modification has been proposed to this categorization scheme that would introduce a new class of Optical Components known as Dynamic Components. Optical Components have traditionally been divided into (i) Active Components, such as Lasers, Detectors, Modulators, Transceivers, etc and (ii) Passive Components, such as Filters, Couplers, Splitters, Isolators, etc. And Optical Components are where much of the market demand for innovation and cost reduction comes to bear. In the Optical Communications space, Optical Networks are made of Optical Components.
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